八年级(上)英语复习期末复习要点
A．短语：
1．(1). 一周一次 once a week (2). 一周两次 twice a week
(3). 一周三次 three times a week
2．(1). 对….有好处 be good for sb 对….有害 be bad for
Reading English news is good for studying.
(2). 对某人好 be good to = be friendly to = be kind to
(3). 擅长 be good at / do well in + n / prep / doing
3．设法做….。(1). try one’s best to do (2). do one’s best to do
努力做某事 try to do sth 尝试做某事try doing sth
4．保持健康 . keep healthy = be in good health = kip fit
5．(1). 寻找 look for (2). 查(字典) look up
(3). 照顾 look after / take care of (4). 检查 look over
(4) 调查look into (5) 浏览look through
6．和……不同 be different from 和…..一样 the same as ….
7．(1). 发烧 have a fever (2). 感冒 have a cold
(3). 头痛 have a headache
(4). 胃痛 have a stomachache (5). 牙齿痛 have a toothache
8．(1). 背痛 have a sore back (2). 咽喉痛 have a sore throat
(3). 腿痛 have a sore leg
9．什么事？怎么哪？
(1). What’s up ?
(2). What’s wrong with sb ? what’s the matter with sb ?
(3). What happened to sb ?
10．某人/物有问题 There is something wrong with sb .
There is nothing wrong with my body. 我身体没有毛病
11．此刻，现在 (1). now (2). right now (3). at the moment
12．去做….。go + 动ing
→(1). go shopping (2). go bike riding (3). go sightseeing
(4).go fishing (5). go swimming (6) go camping
(7) go skateboarding (8) go boating (9) go hiking
13．动身去…..。leave ….. for……。
14．到达…..。(1). reach + 地点 (2). get to + 地点 (3). arrive in + 地点
15．(1). 坐地铁去…..。take the subway to ….。 go to ….by subway
(2). 骑车去…..。ride the bike to ……。 go to …..by bike
(3). 走路去….。walk to …..。 go to ….on foot
16．(1). 坐地铁 by subway (2). 坐火车 by train
(3). 坐骑车 by bike
(4). 骑自行车 by bike (5). 走路 on foot
--How do you usually go to school ?
-- I go to school by bus / bike / car / subway / train / bike / plane
-- How does she go to school ?
-- She takes the bus /subway / train / plane / boat to school
rides her bike to school.
walks to school.
17．并非所有的 not all
18．(1). 打开 turn on (2). 关上 turn off
(3). 调大声 turn up (4). 关小声 turn down
19．how引导特殊疑问词
(1). 多长时间 how long
(2). 多久一次 how often 回答用every day / once a week / three times a week / often / sometimes …..
(3). 过多久（将来） how soon 回答用in + 一段时间
(4). 多少 how many + 可数名词
(5). 多少，多少钱 how much + 不可数名词
(6) 多大 how old
(7) 多远 how far ---how far is it from your home to school?
---it’s about 5 kilometers (miles)
It’s about 10 minutes’ walk / ride .
20．赢得一等奖 win the first prize
21．在….岁时 at the age of…..
22．长大 grow up 35．我不敢肯定 I’m not sure
23．多，超过。(1). over (2). more than
24．(1). 和…..(更好)的沟通 communicate well with sb
(2). 和…..相处好 get on well with sb
25．取出，拿出 take out
26．(1). 请假 have ….off (2). 休息日 day off (3) be off
27. get back / come back / go back / return 回来，返回，归还
28. a cup / bottle / bowl / teaspoon / slice / glass / basket of
Three cups /bottles/bowls/teaspoons/slices/glasses/baskets of
29. first / next / then / finally
30. finish / enjoy / spend / practice/ consider / miss / stand / put off / give up / suggest / keep / feel like / be busy / can’t help / have fun / have problem (difficulty , trouble , a hard time ) + doing
31. (1). be famous for 因为…而出名 (2). be famous as 作为….而出名
(3) be famous to 对于…来说很出名
32. (1). agree with 同意 agree to do sth 同意做某事
(2). disagree with 不同意
33. 例如 for example = for instance such as
34. time 时间（不可数） 次数、倍数（可数）
注：“次数“的表达方式：once twice three times four times…
Once(twice…..) a day /week/month/year
35. exercise v. how often do you exercise ?
n. take exercise
36. want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
want to do sth 想要做某事
ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事
37. 帮助某人做某事 help sb (to) do sth
在某方面给予帮助 help …..with…..
38. some times 几次、几倍 sometimes 有时
some time 一点时间 sometime （将来）某个时间
39. a lot of = lots of many + 可数名词 much + 不可数名词
40. see a doctor 看医生 see a dentist 看牙医 take the medicine 吃药
lie down and rest 躺下休息
go to bed = go to sleep 去睡觉 fall asleep 入睡
be stressed out 紧张
41. be angry with 生气
42. be popular in 在…..受欢迎
43. get good grades 取得好成绩
44. (sb) need to do sth (sth) need doing
45. I’m sorry to hear that
46. go to the beach 去海滩 spend time with 和…空度光阴
47. have a good time = have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得高兴
48. take / have walks 散步 take /have a vacation 度假 go away 离开
49. 考虑 think of / about doing sth
50. 决定某事decide on sth 决定（不）做某事 decide (not ) to do sth
51. 计划做某事 plan to do sth 制定计划make a plan
52. 生病住院 be ill in hospital
53. 担心 be worried about = be anxious about = worry about
54. 顺便来访 come over
55. 邀请某人去某地 invite sb to somewhere
邀请某人做某事 invite sb to do sth
56. -- what day is it today?
– it is Sunday / Monday / Tuesday / Wednesday / Thursday / Friday /Saturday .
--What’s the date today ?
-- it is November 12.
57. 感谢做某事 thanks (thank you ) for doing sth
58. beat sb 打败（某人、某队）they beat us in the soccer match.
win 赢得 (比赛，奖项)
59. make 用法
(1) make sb do sth
(2) make sb / sth + adj The moving made me boring.
60. pour …into… 把…倒入.. cut up 切碎 mix up 混合
add ….to… 把….加在….
Turn on 打开、turn off 关掉、turn up 调大、turn down关小
70. finally = at last 最后
71. at first = to begin with 首先
72. go to the aquariums 去水族馆 take photos 照相 hang out 闲逛
buy a souvenir 买纪念品 get one’s autograph 得到某人的签名
win the first prize 获第一名 see a dolphin show 观看海豚表演
go for a drive 开车兜风 sleep late 睡过头
in the future 在未来
73. at the end of …..在…..尽头
74. day off 休息日 on my next day off
have + 时间+ off 休息多久
75. be born 出生
76. 参加 join（组织、团队） take part in （活动）
77. at the age of ….在….的年龄
78. major in 主修
79. because of + 名词 because + 句子
80. too ….to …. = not ….enough to …. = so …..that ….. 太….而不能….
81. grow up 成长
82. be going to + V原 打算、计划将要做某事
83. – What are you going to be when you grow up ?
-- I’m going to be a/an computer player / actor / professional basketball player / athlete / engineer / pilot /scientist / musician /writer / policeman /doctor / soldier /cook / nurse ……
84. hold art exhibition 举办美术展览
85. at the same time 同时
86. part – time job 兼职工作
87. get good grades 取得好成绩
88. take guitar lessons 上吉他课
89. communicate with 和…..交流
90. --- Could you please (not) do sth …?
--- Sure. I’d love to .
--- I’m sorry, I can’t . I …….
100. Chinese 中文 English英语 math数学 physics物理
chemistry 化学 history 历史 biology生物
101. do the dishes 洗餐具 sweep the floor 扫地
take out the trash 倒垃圾 make one’s bed 整理床铺
fold one’s clothes 叠衣服 clean the living room 打扫客厅
have a test 考试 make breakfast 做早饭
do the laundry = do some washing 洗衣服
102. work on 从事 work with 和…一起工作 work as 作为….工作
103. borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物
lend sth to sb 借给某人某物
104. end up with …..以…. 结束。 end up doing sth 结束做某事
105. hate to do sth = hate doing sth 讨厌做某事
106. begin / start to do sth 开始做某事
107. be interested in = take an interest in + n / pre / doing 对…..感兴趣
interest（动词）使….感兴趣、吸引.. The story doesn’t interest me at all.
interest（名次）兴趣 place of interest 名胜古迹
108. enough + 名词 adj + enough
109. play an instrument 弹奏乐器 make the soccer team 组建足球队
110. save some money 存钱
111. move to …..搬到…..
B． 主要知识点：
1. 也许，可能 (1). maybe adv. (2). may be v. 可能是（在）…
→(1). He maybe went sightseeing .
(2). She may be in the classroom .
2. (1). Although …..but ….。╳ (2). Because …..so…。╳
→(1). Although his words sound reasonable , but I won’t listen to him . ╳
(2). Because he was ill , so he was late . ╳
(3). I like it , so I will buy it .
A. and B. or C. so
3. 系动词+形容词：
look , get , become , feel , keep , sound , taste
4．好 good adj
. well (1).adj 身体 (2). adv
→ (1). It tastes good .
(2). I have a cold , I don’t feel well .
(3). He is my friend , he gets on well with me .
5. It is ….(for sb) to do ….。
对某人来说，做某事怎么样。
→(1). 对我们来说，学好英语很重要 。
It is important for us to study English well .
(2). I think it impolite to laugh at others .
6. 花费：
(1). 物/ It takes sb time to do sth 做某事花费某人多少时间
(2). 物/ It cost ….。 某物花费多少钱
(3). 人spend …..( in ) doing 某人花费…..做某事
(4). 人spend ….. on sth 某人在…..花费…..。
(5). 人pay ……. for ….。 某人为某物付款
→(1). 走路上学要花我10分钟。
It takes to .
(2). He B ten yuan for the book .
A. spent B. paid C. cost
(3). The dictionary B me ten yuan .
A. took B. cost C. spent
7 (1). something important (2). old enough
→(1). Is there B in the newspaper today ?
A. something new B. anything new C. new anything
(2). She is B to raise .
A. enough lucky , enough money B. lucky enough , enough money
C. luckily enough , money enough
8. (1). forget to do 忘记了要做某事 “未做”
(2). forget doing 忘记了已经做过了某事 “已做”
→(1). Please take care of my dog , Don’t forget to feed ( feed ) him .
(2). We met in London last year , Have you forgotten meeting ( meet ) me ?
9. (1). stop to do 停下来，改做另一件事 “要做”
(2). stop doing 停止做某事 “不做”
→(1). When the teacher came into the classroom , all the students stopped
talking ( talk) .
(2). After a long work , he stopped to rest ( rest ) .
10. 参加 join / take part in
11. too…..to…. = not ….enough to ….= so…..that…. 太…..，而不能……
12．(1). a small / large number of + n复数+ V复数
(2). the number of + n复数 + V单数
→ (1). A small number of ( student ) ( not like ) English .
(2). The number of ( student ) in our class ( be ) 51 .
13．not …..until ….. 直到。。。。，才。。。。
→ I didn’t leave ( not leave ) until the rain stopped .
14. too much / much too
(1) too much + 不可数名词 (2) much too + 形容词
The meat is much too expensive and eating too much meat is bad for your health.
15. show sb sth = show sth to sb
双宾语动词
加(to): give, teach, show, ask, hand, send, pass, lend.
加(for): make, buy, bring
She will bring some books to her tomorrow.
His parents make a cake for him.
16. 形容词比较级
1) as + adj + as …..前者和后者一样…… Tom is as tall as Mike.
2) adj 比较级 + than 前者比后者更….些。
This pen is more expensive than that one.
He is clever than me .
3) the + adj 比较级 , the + adj 比较级 “越…..，就越….”
The more you eat , the heavier you are.
less….than…..前者不如后者……
4) much , a lot , a little , a bit , far 可用于形容词（比较级）前表程度。
This movie is much more interesting than that one .
5) 形容词比较级的变化：
1. 一般情况下，在形容词后加 er . small –smaller
2. 以e 结尾的词，比较级在后面加r . cute – cuter large -- larger
3. 以辅音字母+ y 结尾的，变y 为i 再加er .
easy – easier happy – happier busy – busier heavy – heavier
4. 双写末尾字母+ er：
fat – fatter thin – thinner hot – hotter wet – wetter
big – bigger
5. 多音节词前加more
beautiful – more beautiful interesting – more interesting
delicious – more delicious important – more important
expensive – more expensive creative – more creative
useful – more useful popular – more popular
6. 不规则变化
good / well – better – best little – less – lest
bad / badly / ill – worse – worst many / much – more – most
far – farther – farthest
17. 一般过去时
一、 概念。
（1） 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
（2） 表示过去经常发生的动作
二、时间状语。
yesterday 昨天 last night 昨晚 last week 上周 last year 去年
on Sunday afternoon 在星期天下午 in 1997 在1997年 last Friday 上周五
a few days ago 几天前
eg: I watched(watch) TV last night.
He played(play) basketball with you yesterday afternoon.
三、be 动词、 行为动词和there be 在一般过去时的肯定句，否定句，一般疑问句的变化。
be 动词
肯定句： I/he/she/It was We/They/You were
eg: I was a good student. He was from England.
We were at home.
结构： 主语（ 三单 ）+was+其他
主语（ 复数 ）+were+其他
否定句： I /he/she/It wasn’t We/They/You weren’t
结构： 主语（ 三单 ）+wasn’t+其他
主语（ 复数 ）+weren’t+其他
一般疑问句：was I/he/she/It were We/They/You
eg: Was I a good student? Was he from England?
Were we at home?
结构： Was+主语（ 三单 ）+其他
Were+主语（ 复数 ）+其他
肯定回答： Yes, I/he/she/it was Yes, I/he/she/it were
否定回答： No,I/he/she/it wasn’t No,I/he/she/it weren’t
结构： Yes+主语（ 三单 ）+was
Yes+主语（ 复数 ）+were
结构： No+主语（ 三单 ）+wasn’t
No+主语（ 复数 ）+weren’t
There be 句型
肯定句：There was …… There were ……
eg: There was a book on the table two days ago.
There were many students in the class last night.
否定句：There wasn’t …… There weren’t ……
eg: There wasn’t a book on the table two days ago.
There weren’t many students in the class last night.
一般疑问句：Was there…… Were there……
eg: Was there a book on the table two days ago?
Were there many students in the class last night?
肯定回答：Yes, there was Yes, there were.
否定回答：No, there wasn’t No, there weren’t
肯定句：I did my homework yesterday. He watched TV at home.
They played basketball.
结构：主语+动词过去分词+其他
否定句：I didn’t do my homework yesterday. He didn’t watch TV at home.
They didn’t play basketball.
结构：主语+ didn’t+动词原形+其他
一般疑问句：Did I do my homework yesterday? Did he watch TV at home?
Did they play basketball?
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+did
否定回答：No, 主语+didn’t
不规则动词的变化：
go --- went--gone take --- took--taken have / has --- had--had
buy --- bought—bought eat --- ate--eaten see --- saw--seen
hang --- hung--hung meet --- met--met win ---won--won
sleep --- slept—slept put --- put—put read ---read—read
come ---came—come wake --- woke—waken keep –kept – kept
sell –sold-- sold tell –told –told lend – lent – lent
spend –spent – spent burn—burnt—burnt learn—learnt—learnt
teach—taught—taught bring—brought—brought buy—bought—bought
speak—spoke—spoken grow—grew—grown swim—swam—swum
begin—began—begun sing—sang—sung ring—rang—rung
write—wrote—written ride—rode—ridden build—built—built
hear—heard—heard leave—left—left get—got—gotten
give—gave—given make—made—made run—ran—run
take—took—taken forget—forgot—forgotten am/is—was –been
break—broke—broken think—thought –thought
18. 过去进行时：
1. 过去某个时刻正在发生的动作，可能持续到现在。
2. 结构：was / were + 动ing
3. 记号词：
(1). at nine yesterday from nine to ten last Sunday
at that time for the whole night yesterday
(2). When / while + 时间状语从句 (过去)
4. 注意：
When / while 引导一个动作发生在过去的从句，不管是主句，还是从句的谓语动词。
只要是延续性动词 ←→ 过去进行时
只要是 非延续性动词 ←→ 一般过去时
The boy was playing (play) outside when it began (begin) to rain five days ago .
I was watching (watch) TV while my mother was cooking (cook) yesterday .
19. 一般将来时：
1.结构：
(1). be going to + V动原 打算做，准备做。
(2). will +V动原 打算做，准备做（带有一定意愿色彩）。
(3). be + Ving 有些动词，可以用进行时表一般将来时 。
→ come go fly leave arrive move start
2. 记号词：
tomorrow next week from now on in the future
in + 将来时间 (在……. 以后)
3.注意：状语从句中用will表一般将来时，不用be going to表一般将来时。
20. 一般现在时：
1. 哪些情况下使用一般现在时？
(1). 经常发生的动作或习惯。
(2). 客观事实：客观真理，自然现象等等。
(3). 状语从句 主将←→从现
2. 记号词
often (经常) usually (通常) sometimes (有时)
always (总是) every day (每天) every Sunday (每周星期天)
3. 第三人称单数 (三单)：
he , she , it , 单数人，单数物 , 不定式、动名词、不定代词作主语 ,谓语动词用三单。
4. 结构：
(1). 肯定句：主语（三单） + 动词三单 。
主语（非三单） + 动原 。
(2). 问句： Does + 主语（三单）+ 动原 ？
Do + 主语（非三单） + 动原 ？
(3). 否定句：主语（三单） + doesn’t + 动原 。
主语（非三单） + don’t + 动原 。
21. 现在完成时
(一)．用法：
(1). 动作发生在过去，但强调对现在的 影响。
(2). 动作发生在过去，但一直延续到现在。 Since , for , how long .
(二)、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：
一般过去时：1。强调动作发生的时间，地点(where除外)。
过去 á 2。句中有过去的具体时间yesterday, ago , last , when 等等。
现在完成时：1。强调对现在的影响。
2．动作一直延续到现在。
（三）、记号词
1. (1). just 刚刚 (2). never从不 (3). before以前 (7). ever曾经
(4). already已经 (5). yet已经 (6). not yet还没有
(8): 注意：just （现在完成时） just now（一般过去时）
2. since ,for ,how long（一段时间）? 现在完成时
(1). since + 过去的具体时间 自从…….. (since two years ago )
主句（现在完成时）+ since + 从句（一般过去时）
(2). for + 一段时间 长达。。。。
(3). how long 多长时间？
（四）、since , for , how long（一段时间）? 延续性
since , for , how long从意思上看，表示动作延续了一段时间，所以谓语动词
要用延续性动词。
(1). buy have (2). catch / get a cold have a cold (3). borrow / lend keep
(5). put on be in
(6). open be open (7). close be closed (8). fall asleep be asleep
(9). join be a member of (10). die be dead
(11). leave be away (12). end / finish be over
(13). get / receive a letter from ,
hear from have a letter from
(五)、短语辨析
1．have been in + 地点（一直住在某地）
2．have been to + 地点（曾经去过某地，已回来）
3．have gone to + 地点（去某地了，现在不在这儿）
4. 注意：地点副词的前面不能加介词。there , here , home
22. 过去完成时：
1. 两个动作都发生在过去，最先发生的动作用过去完成时，最后发生的动作用一般过去时。 过去的过去 → 过去完成时
2. 常用于宾语从句中。主过←→宾过
3. 结构：had + V过去分词
4. 记号词：
(1). by / by the end of + 过去时间 到……. 为止
(2) by the time + 从句 (过去时间) 到……. 为止
(3). before + 从句 (过去时间) before + 过去时间 在。。。。之前
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